1.Bututu ja baya
Matakan don hana gazawar ja da baya:
(1) Yi binciken gani na duk kayan aikin hakowa kafin aiki, da kuma yin binciken gano aibi (Y-ray ko duba X-ray, da sauransu) akan manyan kayan aikin hakowa kamar bututu, reamers, da akwatunan canja wuri don tabbatar da cewa akwai babu fasa kuma ƙarfin ya dace da buƙatun gini.
(2) Diamita na ƙarshe na reaming ya fi sau 1.5 na bututun ja baya. Hanyar haɗin kai na bututun bututun bututun: shugaban wutar lantarki - ikon shugaban kariya kan nono - bututun rawar soja - reamer - haɗin gwiwa - zoben U-dimbin yawa - shugaban tarakta - babban layi, wanda zai iya tabbatar da cewa an yi amfani da mafi yawan ƙarfin aikin rawar jiki a lokacin da ake cirewa da kuma tabbatar da nasarar da aka samu. kayan aiki a cikin rami na matukin jirgi ya kamata a taqaice yadda zai yiwu, kuma kada ya wuce 4 hours.Idan aka samu tsayuwa, za a yi allurar da laka a cikin ramin lokaci-lokaci don kiyaye ruwan laka a cikin ramin.
(3) Kafin a janye bututun, za a bincika na'urar hakowa, kayan aikin hakowa, tsarin tallafi na laka da sauran kayan aiki gabaɗaya da kiyaye su (tare da haɗe bayanan kulawa da gyara) don tabbatar da cewa na'urar hakowa da tsarin wutar lantarki suna da kyakkyawan aiki. kuma yayi aiki akai-akai.A wanke bututun da aka yi da laka kafin a ja baya don tabbatar da cewa babu wani abu na waje a cikin bututun;Tsarin laka yana da santsi kuma matsa lamba na iya saduwa da buƙatun ja da baya.Yayin ja da baya, gudanar da feshin gwaji don tabbatar da cewa an cire bututun ruwa.Lokacin ja da baya, allurar laka mai dacewa bisa ga sigogin rawar soja, rage juzu'in da ke tsakanin bututun rawar soja da dutsen bangon rami, ƙara lubrication na bututun, rage zafin juzu'i na bututun rawar soja, da tabbatar da nasarar ja da baya.
Matakan don tabbatar da cewa murfin bututun da ke hana lalata ba ya lalacewa lokacin da aka faɗaɗa rami da ja da baya.
(1) Lokacin da ake haƙa ramin matukin, a aiwatar da aikin bisa ga ƙa'idodin ƙira don tabbatar da cewa ramin matukin ya yi santsi da lebur, kuma a guje wa sasanninta da yawa.Lokacin ja baya, diamita na reamer da aka yi amfani da shi ya fi sau 1.5 girma fiye da diamita na bututun tsallaka don rage juriyar ja da rage abin da ya faru tsakanin bututu da bangon ramin.
(2) Ƙara wankin rami don tsaftace ƙarin yanke a cikin ramin kuma rage juzu'in bututun a cikin ramin.
(3) Matsayin laka yana canzawa tare da yanayin yanayin ƙasa.Ana kula da laka yayin ja da baya, kuma ana ƙara wani adadin mai don rage juriya tsakanin bututun da bangon rami.Dole ne a gyara dankowar laka a kowane lokaci bisa ga ainihin halin da ake ciki.Dangane da sauye-sauyen yanayin ƙasa, ana daidaita danko da matsa lamba a kowane lokaci, kuma ana amfani da rabon laka don dakatar da bututun da ke cikin laka yayin ja da baya don rage gogayya.
(4) Bayan an gama reaming, da farko a duba bututun mai ja da baya.Bayan tabbatar da cewa layin da ke hana lalata ba shi da kyau kuma babu wani tsangwama ga zamantakewa, bisa ga yanayin wurin, an dakatar da bututun ta hanyar tono ramuka da tarin ƙasa don kare kariya daga lalata bututun..
(5) Lokacin da aka ja da bututun baya, sai a kafa wurin gano ɓarna mai tsafta da nisan mita 30 kafin bututun ya shiga ramin (ko kuma bisa ga ainihin halin da ake ciki), sannan a shirya ma'aikata na musamman don tsabtace saman na'urar. lalata Layer kafin wurin ganowa, don dacewa da ma'aikatan da ke wurin ganowa don amfani da EDM leak detection checks ko akwai tarkace ko leaks akan Layer anti-corrosion Layer, kuma yana gyara lalacewa a lokacin da aka sami tabo da leaks. , don gujewa shiga cikin rami.
2.Hanyar daidaitawa, farfadowa da
treatment matakan laka
Shiri na laka:
Rabon laka yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen nasarar tsallakewa.A danko na laka sanyi na aikin zai dogara ne a kan zane zane da geological prospecting data, bisa ga kasafi daban-daban laka danko ga daban-daban strata, a cikin aiwatar da hakowa jagora ramukan, ya kamata tabbatar da kyau rheological Properties, lubrication yi;A lokacin reaming, da laka danko zai fi dacewa bisa ga jagora rikodin don tabbatar da cewa laka yana da karfi yankan dauke da iya aiki da kuma bango kariya.A lokaci guda, a cikin kowane mataki na shiryarwa, reaming da backtowing yi, bisa ga ainihin bayanai, ƙara bango ƙarfafa wakili, viscosifier, lubricant, guntu tsaftacewa wakili da sauran karin jamiái, ƙara da laka danko da siminti, inganta da kwanciyar hankali. ramin, hana rugujewar bangon ramin, zubewar ruwa da sauran abubuwan al'ajabi, don tabbatar da ingancin aikin da aka kammala ba tare da wata matsala ba.Kayan laka galibi bentonite ne (maganin muhalli), kuma tsarin laka ya dogara da yanayin ƙasa da ake fuskanta lokacin hakowa.Don wannan aikin ta hanyar babban tsari, shirye-shiryen laka na babban index.
Farfado da laka:
Domin yadda ya kamata sarrafa adadin laka, kare muhalli yanayi, kamar yadda ya zuwa yanzu zai yiwu a yi amfani da muhalli m laka, sake yin amfani da, matsakaicin iyaka don rage samar da sharar gida laka, a lokaci guda don hana slurry gurbatawa, dace sake amfani da waje. maganin muhalli, takamaiman matakan sune kamar haka:
(1) Jagorar laka mai dacewa da yanayin da ke dawowa daga ƙasa zuwa tsarin zagayawa, kuma ta hanyar magudanar ruwa da tanki, za a sami tsinkayar yankan hakowa don cimma sakamako na tsarkakewa na farko.Bayan tsarkakewar farko, laka tana gudana cikin tafkin laka don tsayawa.Don hanzarta hazo na barbashi, an saita baffle a cikin tafkin laka don canza tsarin gudana da lalata tsarin a cikin laka, don sauƙaƙe hazo na yankan hakowa.
(2) Shirya ma'aikata na musamman don duba layin, ƙarfafa hangen nesa, kuma idan akwai maɓuɓɓugar ruwa, shirya ma'aikata don gina rumbun ajiya a wurin da slurry ɗin ke zubowa don ɗauka da share shi da wuri-wuri. don hana slurry daga ambaliya da kuma ikon yin amfani da slurry daga fadadawa.Ana tattara shi sannan a ja da motar tanki zuwa ramin laka da ke wurin aikin.
(3) Bayan an kammala ginin, za a raba laka da ke cikin ramin da ake ginin daga laka da ruwa, sannan a fitar da sauran tabo daga waje domin kare muhalli.
3. Matakan fasaha na musamman
Tsarin toshe na'urar hakowa:
A cikin aikin hakowa na kwatance, saboda rashin daidaituwa na tsarin samar da ƙasa, na'urar hakowa tana da matukar tasiri ta hanyar ɗaukar bututun hakowa a cikin rami yayin reaming da baya.Karuwar tashin hankali ba zato ba tsammani na iya haifar da rashin kwanciyar hankali na na'urar hakowa har ma da hatsarin na'urar hakowa.Sabili da haka, kwanciyar hankali na tsarin kafawa na ma'aunin hakowa yana da mahimmanci.Dangane da gogewar wannan aiki da kuma gine-ginen da aka yi a baya, an inganta tsarin dage aikin hakar ma'adinan, musamman kamar haka.
(1) Sanya anka na ƙasa a cikin ramin, kuma tsakiyar layin akwatin anga na ƙasa ya yi daidai da mashigin tsallakewa.saman akwatin anga na ƙasa yana da ruwa tare da ƙasa na halitta, kuma ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun haƙa na akwatin anga na ƙasa shine 6m × 2m × 2m.
(2) An shigar da angarin wutsiya na tubular mita 6 a bayan akwatin anga na ƙasa, kuma akwatin anga na ƙasa da angin wutsiya ana haɗa su ta hanyar haɗa sanduna.Bayan an haɗa ɗigon wutsiya, ƙasa ta sake cikawa, kuma ƙasan da ke kusa da anka ana matse ta da injina da na wucin gadi.Ƙara ƙarfin ɗaukar ƙasa.
(3) Sanya igiya mai tsayin mita 6 a kowane gefen akwatin anka na ƙasa don hana babban jiki karkata.
(4) Sanya bututun ƙarfe na 6 × 0.8m a kowane ƙarshen sandar don ƙara yawan damuwa a ko'ina kuma rage matsa lamba.
(5) Bayan an girka, farantin karfe ya kamata a sanya shi a cikin tsarin anchoring, kuma a ajiye na'urar a saman farantin karfe.
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Lokacin aikawa: Fabrairu-15-2023